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I

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hello and welcome to volume 6 of NASA

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report to education I'm Lynn Bondurant

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the crew aboard the STS 28 went about

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their business but unseen and unheard by

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all but ground controllers because the

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STS 28 flight was a classified military

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mission a virtual news blackout was in

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effect on launch day the five men all

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military crew mission commander Brewster

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Shah pilot dick Richards and mission

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specialist David Lisa James Adamson and

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Mark Brown were up well before dawn

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dressed in the bright orange pressurized

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flight suits they made their way to the

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astro van for the ride to the launch pad

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once onboard the orbiter they had to

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wait out a slightly hazy sky over the

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Kennedy Space Center for the orbiter

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Columbia NASA's oldest Space Shuttle it

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would mark its first flight since

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January 12 1986 during the three and a

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half years since its last flight

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Columbia underwent more than 250

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modifications to bring it up to par with

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the other two orbiters discovery and

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Atlantis finally at eight thirty seven

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a.m. it was time liftoff liftoff on

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Columbia and its return to flight the

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space shuttle Columbia completed its

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mission with a smooth landing at edwards

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air force base in california on August

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thirteenth but because it was a

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classified Department of Defense mission

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the public was not permitted on the base

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as Columbia glided in for a landing at

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nine thirty seven a.m. eastern daylight

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time after a five-day flight a super

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team and a great machine welcome home

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columbia capsule communicator Frank

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Culbertson radioed the crew from Houston

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as the orbiter rolled to a halt about an

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hour after touchdown the crew emerged

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from the orbiter greeted by NASA

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Administrator Admiral Richard truly and

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other NASA officials they made the

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traditional inspection of the spacecraft

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officials say it appears that only three

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of

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lumby as heat protection tiles will have

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to be replaced a thruster in the

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reaction control system was shut down in

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flight by the crew because of

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indications of a leak officials also

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report that pilot dick Richards seat

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jerked backwards about one inch when the

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shuttle lifted off the launch pad

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Richards used a motor control to move

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the seat forward to its normal position

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and Montgomery the orbiter flow director

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said that workers will examine about 20

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other minor problems that develop just

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before or during Columbia's flight 20

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years after the Apollo moon landing

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technologies which enabled manned

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spaceflight continued to improve our

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daily lives in the areas of health

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safety comfort and enjoyment some

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specific examples of technology

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spin-offs from the Apollo era include

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the lunar roving vehicle that allowed

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astronauts to travel miles away from

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their lunar base the rover was the

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source of a Eunice ticks controller now

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used by handicapped people to accelerate

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brake and steer automobiles scratch

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resistant sunglass lenses were derived

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from a highly abrasion resistant coating

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developed to protect from harsh

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environments further hundreds of lives

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have been saved through a widely used

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commercial raft that will not capsized

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in heavy seas the raft employs a NASA

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patented water ballast stabilization

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system used in rafts developed for the

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returning Apollo astronauts after their

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splashdown a 3m designed meal heating

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unit developed for the Apollo spacecraft

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crews served as a basis for an

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electronic food warming system used in

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hospitals these are just a few of the

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hundreds of spin-offs which have

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resulted from the research carried out

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during the Apollo program American and

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Soviet physicians are just past the

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halfway point in a four-month-long

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telemedicine space bridge it's been set

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up to provide medical assistance to the

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victims of the earthquake that

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devastated parts of the Soviet republic

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of armenia

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last December linked by a satellite

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hookup physicians in Armenia have access

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to audio-visual communication

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capabilities with us doctors at NASA

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headquarters and medical facilities in

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Maryland Texas in Utah the satellite

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conferences are held for four hours each

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morning Monday through Friday this

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session dealt with different

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psychological problems suffered by some

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thirty seven thousand children who were

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victims of the earthquake more than

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1,000 the children were orphaned NASA

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announced that the space bridge with

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armenia has been so successful then it

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will be extended to Moscow in the Soviet

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city utha to assist the victims of two

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trains which were recently destroyed by

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a gas explosion scientists at Lois have

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produced the first high-speed electronic

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circuit using high-temperature

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superconductivity research the circuit

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can operate at 30 32 37 gigahertz a

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frequency range three times higher than

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that attainable with existing circuits

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according to cool bhasin a space

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electronics researcher at lewis the high

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speed circuit could become part of

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future generations of satellites that

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operate at ultra-high frequencies called

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k-band these frequencies would let

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satellites process data at much faster

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rates and handle many more customers

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than conventional satellites further the

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circuit might be used in radar imaging

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satellites to reduce the size of space

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antennas Dennis Connelly deputy chief of

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Applied Research of the space

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electronics division at Lewis said the

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circuits should eventually help in the

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development of faster computers because

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they would reduce the amount of waste

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heat generated by existing circuits

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superconductors conduct electricity with

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no resistance and therefore with no loss

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of power scientists at NASA's Marshall

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Space Flight Center believe they have

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solved a mystery that may help in the

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design of new and improved

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disease-fighting drugs using a technique

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known as x-ray crystallography a team of

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scientists and technicians

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from Marshall Space Science Laboratory

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have determined the three-dimensional

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structure of human serum albumin the

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most abundant plasma protein in the

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human circulatory system the scientists

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have mapped and confirmed the structure

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of the protein to a resolution which

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provides an image with enough detail to

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extract data about individual molecules

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the scientists next step will be to

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further refine the resolution using

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space grown crystals human serum albumin

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crystals have been grown twice in space

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most recently during shuttle mission

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sts-27 buraz part of a protein crystal

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growth experiment knowing the molecular

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structure may allow pharmaceutical

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companies to design new drugs or alter

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existing drugs to allow them to be more

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efficiently carried by the protein

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molecule through the body it's called

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NASA space link and people from all over

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the world are logging on to this special

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NASA computer system here's a report

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from the Marshall Space Flight Center

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who was the first American in space and

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see if you can tell me when raise your

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hand now I think it was Adam do Shepard

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and 1961 how many people have actually

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walked on the moon that's what people

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want them where was the first space

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shuttle launch and what was the name of

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it first space show was Columbia and it

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was launched in 1981 here's another

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question why did the students in this

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classroom know so much about the space

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program the answer because the space

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program has made its way into this

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classroom a computer system called NASA

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space link connects these students with

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such things as space agency background

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information daily updates and news

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releases even lesson plans and other

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resources for teachers like Margaret

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Milton unless you use newspapers or

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current periodicals or something like

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space link there's no way for kids to

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have the correct information science and

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technology of changing everything so

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quickly NASA hopes this program will

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address a growing national concern when

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these youngsters enter the workforce

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will there be enough trained scientists

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and engineers to meet an expanding need

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we are really faced

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crisis former teacher Bill Anderson

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manages the space link program which is

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based at NASA's Marshall Space Flight

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Center in Huntsville Alabama he believes

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that linking the space program with

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classrooms today will pay off big in the

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years ahead third fourth and fifth

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grades middle school high school

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encourage them to continue studying math

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and science to show them how important

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it is and really how exciting it is

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that's why we feel like with the program

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is exciting as the space program we we

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have an advantage and encouraging

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children to be interested in math and

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science and we feel like we need to do

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our part although primarily meant for

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schools the system is open to anyone

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interested in the space program all it

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takes is a personal computer a modem and

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a phone call to the marshall center when

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your computer connects with NASA's Space

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link user-friendly instructions will

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appear on your screen to help you

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register and use the system NASA space

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link is free but you'll owe your

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telephone company for any long distance

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calls recently President Bush traveled

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to the foothills of Virginia to address

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the 1989 national boy scout jamboree mr.

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Bush used the Jamboree theme of space

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exploration to talk about his goals for

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the space program for generation will

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have a broader greater opportunity to

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live in space to travel to establish an

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outpost on the moon and explore the

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mysteries of Mars and this is the

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challenge of the next century your

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century your challenge and today is

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before subtended and trying voices

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caution us against the danger of the

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hardship and expense and perhaps they

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shoulda seen didn't steal birds

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extravaganza or perhaps they should

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listen to Ray Bradbury a writer who once

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said that space will make children of us

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all amen that the strange beauty and

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mystery of space will teach even the

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most cynical and world-weary among us to

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rediscover the wonders of their first

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glimpse of the night sky and tonight

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when you're lying around the campfire

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surrounded by dark cars looking up at

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the stars of the night sky I want you to

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consider something perhaps you or your

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kids or as hard as it is for you to

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imagine your grandchildren well one day

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look up at the night sky before going to

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sleep and see the earth as a thang

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twinkling blue star it is this spirit a

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spirit of wonder of discovery adventure

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it is surely drawing us to a new destiny

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a new and far distant worlds you are

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privileged to be the generation the

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witness the first large movement of men

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and women in his face and is as this

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happens I know that the Boy Scouts of

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today will be in the lead over 50,000

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Boy Scouts attending the Jamboree

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learned about nasa and its many programs

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as we see in this report Quinn tens of

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00:13:17,020 --> 00:13:15,020
thousands of Boy Scouts from all over

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the globe get together every four years

282
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for this Jamboree you'd expect them to

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get in plenty of boating fishing and

284
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other outdoor activities but this year

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there was something new added to the

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agenda space you could see it reflected

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00:13:36,580 --> 00:13:33,620
in the Jamboree patch in the campsites

288
00:13:39,460 --> 00:13:36,590
name for us spacecraft and in a variety

289
00:13:41,560 --> 00:13:39,470
of activities brought here by NASA the

290
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NASA exhibits really cool i did a report

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00:13:44,980 --> 00:13:43,670
on the all the Apollo programs in high

292
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school and there's a lot more

293
00:13:50,380 --> 00:13:46,940
information here than I ever got all

294
00:13:52,300 --> 00:13:50,390
dispersed I was great I like it it's

295
00:13:54,070 --> 00:13:52,310
really interesting it gives a kiss a

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chant the scouts and parents and

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00:13:57,190 --> 00:13:55,580
visitors a chance to see really what's

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going on in addition to what you read

299
00:14:02,020 --> 00:13:59,000
the newspapers and magazines but to

300
00:14:03,820 --> 00:14:02,030
physically see things like the freedom

301
00:14:05,220 --> 00:14:03,830
Space Station freedom a slice of it what

302
00:14:08,040 --> 00:14:05,230
it's like inside type of

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00:14:10,260 --> 00:14:08,050
vironment things like that NASA and the

304
00:14:12,630 --> 00:14:10,270
Boy Scouts organization say they have

305
00:14:14,520 --> 00:14:12,640
some important things in common both

306
00:14:16,680 --> 00:14:14,530
think it's vital that young people in

307
00:14:19,710 --> 00:14:16,690
this country get early exposure to

308
00:14:22,620 --> 00:14:19,720
American technology solar wings here

309
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roll out in orbit their flimsy real

310
00:14:26,400 --> 00:14:24,400
flimsy they won't even hold their own

311
00:14:28,640 --> 00:14:26,410
weight up here on earth it's hope that

312
00:14:31,380 --> 00:14:28,650
by meeting NASA scientists and engineers

313
00:14:33,480 --> 00:14:31,390
plus astronauts like Bruce McCandless

314
00:14:35,160 --> 00:14:33,490
these Scouts will take a greater

315
00:14:38,340 --> 00:14:35,170
interest in school subjects like science

316
00:14:40,430 --> 00:14:38,350
and math these scouts brought a world of

317
00:14:42,570 --> 00:14:40,440
questions about space to this Jamboree

318
00:14:45,150 --> 00:14:42,580
NASA brought some of its brightest

319
00:14:47,640 --> 00:14:45,160
people to provide some answers to talk

320
00:14:49,080 --> 00:14:47,650
about the potential of space and to help

321
00:14:52,170 --> 00:14:49,090
Scouts earn a space and Aeronautics

322
00:14:53,880 --> 00:14:52,180
merit badge or two NASA officials here

323
00:14:56,490 --> 00:14:53,890
say this was a learning experience for

324
00:14:59,310 --> 00:14:56,500
them as well they got a glimpse into the

325
00:15:01,020 --> 00:14:59,320
future and a chance to meet perhaps the

326
00:15:06,330 --> 00:15:01,030
next generation of American space

327
00:15:08,550 --> 00:15:06,340
explorers by the way two-thirds of the

328
00:15:11,210 --> 00:15:08,560
United States astronauts were once

329
00:15:13,680 --> 00:15:11,220
members of the Boy Scouts of America

330
00:15:15,870 --> 00:15:13,690
technicians at the Cape recently erected

331
00:15:18,510 --> 00:15:15,880
the first stage of an atlas centaur

332
00:15:19,860 --> 00:15:18,520
launch vehicle in preparation for the

333
00:15:22,320 --> 00:15:19,870
launch of a fleet satellite

334
00:15:24,390 --> 00:15:22,330
communication spacecraft the spacecraft

335
00:15:27,300 --> 00:15:24,400
will be the final expendable launch

336
00:15:29,820 --> 00:15:27,310
vehicle under NASA responsibility for

337
00:15:34,110 --> 00:15:29,830
other Atlas Delta and tighten launches

338
00:15:38,550 --> 00:15:34,120
and NASA's Ames Dryden Flight Research

339
00:15:41,160 --> 00:15:38,560
Facility a new x29 forward swept wing

340
00:15:44,060 --> 00:15:41,170
airplane has started flying in a new

341
00:15:47,190 --> 00:15:44,070
high angle of attack research program

342
00:15:49,920 --> 00:15:47,200
high angle of attack refers to the nose

343
00:15:53,160 --> 00:15:49,930
high altitude of an airplane relative to

344
00:15:55,770 --> 00:15:53,170
its flight path the higher the angle of

345
00:15:58,950 --> 00:15:55,780
attack a plane is capable of the more

346
00:16:00,240 --> 00:15:58,960
maneuverable an airplane can be exceed

347
00:16:03,180 --> 00:16:00,250
the aircraft's angle of attack

348
00:16:06,120 --> 00:16:03,190
capability and the plane can spin and

349
00:16:08,760 --> 00:16:06,130
crash this video shows NASA research

350
00:16:10,350 --> 00:16:08,770
pilot Steve Ishmael deploying a spin

351
00:16:12,690 --> 00:16:10,360
shoot which can help recover the

352
00:16:16,230 --> 00:16:12,700
aircraft if it goes into a spin during

353
00:16:18,540 --> 00:16:16,240
test flights researchers expect the x29

354
00:16:19,030 --> 00:16:18,550
s forward swept wings will be more

355
00:16:21,040 --> 00:16:19,040
capable

356
00:16:23,560 --> 00:16:21,050
of high angle of attack flight than

357
00:16:25,540 --> 00:16:23,570
conventional wings the voyager 2

358
00:16:28,569 --> 00:16:25,550
spacecraft reached its closest encounter

359
00:16:30,999 --> 00:16:28,579
with neptune 3,000 miles above the

360
00:16:33,430 --> 00:16:31,009
planet's surface on August twenty-fourth

361
00:16:34,889 --> 00:16:33,440
the report you're about to see was

362
00:16:44,430 --> 00:16:34,899
released by NASA's Jet Propulsion

363
00:16:50,139 --> 00:16:47,319
it's been traveling for nearly 12 years

364
00:16:59,980 --> 00:16:50,149
it has already logged more than 4

365
00:17:02,019 --> 00:16:59,990
billion miles in its lifetime it's been

366
00:17:05,799 --> 00:17:02,029
to places humans had once only dreamed

367
00:17:08,520 --> 00:17:05,809
about and on August twenty-fourth 1989

368
00:17:19,280 --> 00:17:08,530
at nine p.m. pacific daylight time

369
00:17:25,230 --> 00:17:22,230
it will become the first spacecraft to

370
00:17:30,110 --> 00:17:25,240
fly by Neptune a planet that orbits the

371
00:17:38,580 --> 00:17:34,410
launched in 1977 Voyager 1 and 2 have

372
00:17:41,490 --> 00:17:38,590
taken us to Jupiter and Saturn when

373
00:17:44,010 --> 00:17:41,500
Voyager 1 flew past the large moon Titan

374
00:17:45,990 --> 00:17:44,020
and behind Saturn's rings its flight

375
00:17:47,760 --> 00:17:46,000
path was bent northwood and the

376
00:17:50,720 --> 00:17:47,770
spacecraft was sent out of the ecliptic

377
00:17:53,400 --> 00:17:50,730
plane and on toward interstellar space

378
00:17:55,110 --> 00:17:53,410
Voyager 2 is on a flight path it takes

379
00:17:57,480 --> 00:17:55,120
advantage of a rare geometric

380
00:18:00,090 --> 00:17:57,490
positioning of the outer planets this

381
00:18:02,370 --> 00:18:00,100
allows Voyager 2 to use the gravity of

382
00:18:04,500 --> 00:18:02,380
the planets it's encountered to boost it

383
00:18:09,930 --> 00:18:04,510
from one to another without onboard

384
00:18:12,510 --> 00:18:09,940
propulsion Neptune is invisible to the

385
00:18:14,370 --> 00:18:12,520
naked eye even our biggest telescopes

386
00:18:17,610 --> 00:18:14,380
can see only broad features of the

387
00:18:20,370 --> 00:18:17,620
planet early pictures sent back from

388
00:18:22,590 --> 00:18:20,380
Voyager already show cloud features and

389
00:18:26,940 --> 00:18:22,600
a dark band of clouds and circling the

390
00:18:29,640 --> 00:18:26,950
southern pole Neptune's diameter is

391
00:18:31,890 --> 00:18:29,650
about four times the size of Earth it's

392
00:18:35,610 --> 00:18:31,900
blue green color comes from atmospheric

393
00:18:38,160 --> 00:18:35,620
methane which absorbs red light in orbit

394
00:18:40,350 --> 00:18:38,170
around Neptune our ring arcs and one of

395
00:18:45,540 --> 00:18:40,360
the larger and most interesting moons in

396
00:18:48,810 --> 00:18:45,550
the solar system Triton at Voyager tues

397
00:18:51,690 --> 00:18:48,820
closest approach it will pass just 3,000

398
00:18:54,000 --> 00:18:51,700
miles from Neptune's cloud tops that's

399
00:18:57,390 --> 00:18:54,010
closer than Voyager 2 has come to any

400
00:18:59,940 --> 00:18:57,400
other planet a few days before the

401
00:19:02,430 --> 00:18:59,950
spacecraft arrives at Neptune engineers

402
00:19:05,880 --> 00:19:02,440
will fine-tune voyagers flight path over

403
00:19:08,160 --> 00:19:05,890
Neptune's North Pole Voyager will be

404
00:19:10,020 --> 00:19:08,170
able to detect any Neptunian magnetic

405
00:19:13,820 --> 00:19:10,030
field and is likely to pass through the

406
00:19:16,350 --> 00:19:13,830
region where the Northern Lights form

407
00:19:18,690 --> 00:19:16,360
despite Neptune's greater distance from

408
00:19:21,750 --> 00:19:18,700
the Sun its temperature is the same as

409
00:19:24,570 --> 00:19:21,760
that of Uranus for it to be so warm and

410
00:19:28,799 --> 00:19:24,580
yet so far away lept you must generate

411
00:19:34,350 --> 00:19:31,379
another of Neptune's mysteries is it's

412
00:19:37,019 --> 00:19:34,360
moon Triton with a presumed atmosphere

413
00:19:38,489 --> 00:19:37,029
of methane and possibly nitrogen Triton

414
00:19:40,560 --> 00:19:38,499
is expected to be one of the most

415
00:19:44,129 --> 00:19:40,570
fascinating objects and counted in

416
00:19:47,190 --> 00:19:44,139
Voyager tues entire journey because

417
00:19:48,960 --> 00:19:47,200
Neptune is so far away radio data from

418
00:19:51,749 --> 00:19:48,970
Voyager traveling at the speed of light

419
00:19:55,110 --> 00:19:51,759
will take four hours and six minutes to

420
00:19:58,169 --> 00:19:55,120
reach Earth the signals are received

421
00:20:00,269 --> 00:19:58,179
through the Deep Space Network a global

422
00:20:02,100 --> 00:20:00,279
spacecraft tracking and communication

423
00:20:06,060 --> 00:20:02,110
system operated by the Jet Propulsion

424
00:20:07,919 --> 00:20:06,070
Laboratory for NASA to provide

425
00:20:11,100 --> 00:20:07,929
continuous two-way contact with the

426
00:20:13,230 --> 00:20:11,110
spacecraft DSN antenna stations are

427
00:20:17,879 --> 00:20:13,240
strategically located in California's

428
00:20:21,180 --> 00:20:17,889
Mojave Desert near Madrid Spain and near

429
00:20:23,310 --> 00:20:21,190
Canberra Australia the father away

430
00:20:26,279 --> 00:20:23,320
Voyager goes the more difficult it is to

431
00:20:29,279 --> 00:20:26,289
pick up its weak signal to make up for

432
00:20:31,470 --> 00:20:29,289
this the DSN antennas have been enlarged

433
00:20:33,379 --> 00:20:31,480
and are now able to collect more and

434
00:20:36,060 --> 00:20:33,389
higher quality data from the spacecraft

435
00:20:37,889 --> 00:20:36,070
the Parkes radio Observatory in

436
00:20:40,259 --> 00:20:37,899
Australia and the National Radio

437
00:20:43,649 --> 00:20:40,269
Astronomy Observatory's Very Large Array

438
00:20:45,840 --> 00:20:43,659
in New Mexico will join the DSN antennas

439
00:20:48,989 --> 00:20:45,850
to provide for additional receiving

440
00:20:51,090 --> 00:20:48,999
power the asudar tracking station in

441
00:20:54,239 --> 00:20:51,100
japan will help conduct radio science

442
00:20:56,580 --> 00:20:54,249
experiments with the encounter of

443
00:20:58,739 --> 00:20:56,590
Neptune Voyager 2 will complete its

444
00:21:07,150 --> 00:20:58,749
grand tour of the four giant outer

445
00:21:12,850 --> 00:21:09,880
the spacecraft is expected to continue

446
00:21:15,910 --> 00:21:12,860
to send back valuable data well into the

447
00:21:18,460 --> 00:21:15,920
21st century as voyager 2 reaches for

448
00:21:22,840 --> 00:21:18,470
the edge of our solar system and enters

449
00:21:25,990 --> 00:21:22,850
interstellar space once there Voyager

450
00:21:28,860 --> 00:21:26,000
will again stretch our imagination as it

451
00:21:37,129 --> 00:21:28,870
discovers for us things we haven't even

452
00:21:42,739 --> 00:21:39,899
voyager 2 has nel sail beyond neptune

453
00:21:45,450 --> 00:21:42,749
leaving behind a wealth of information

454
00:21:48,720 --> 00:21:45,460
first review of the data indicates that

455
00:21:53,190 --> 00:21:48,730
a day on neptune lasts about 16 hours

456
00:21:58,409 --> 00:21:53,200
and three minutes atmospheric winds

457
00:22:00,869 --> 00:21:58,419
travel up to 700 miles per hour up to

458
00:22:04,680 --> 00:22:00,879
five rings and a sheet of dust circle

459
00:22:07,889 --> 00:22:04,690
above Neptune's equator there are at

460
00:22:12,269 --> 00:22:07,899
least six icy objects 6 to 12 miles wide

461
00:22:15,269 --> 00:22:12,279
hidden in one of the Rings Triton

462
00:22:19,379 --> 00:22:15,279
Neptune's largest moon has a thin

463
00:22:22,409 --> 00:22:19,389
atmosphere of nitrogen Triton is smaller

464
00:22:27,419 --> 00:22:22,419
than expected about 1,700 miles in

465
00:22:29,730 --> 00:22:27,429
diameter Triton also appears to have

466
00:22:32,070 --> 00:22:29,740
active volcano spewing nitrogen ice

467
00:22:36,919 --> 00:22:32,080
particles and gas up to 20 miles high

468
00:22:39,810 --> 00:22:36,929
and six new moons have been discovered

469
00:22:42,359 --> 00:22:39,820
launch processing work on the over to

470
00:22:45,060 --> 00:22:42,369
Atlantis continues to proceed smoothly

471
00:22:47,460 --> 00:22:45,070
and officials have said October twelfth

472
00:22:52,190 --> 00:22:47,470
as the date for this year's fourth

473
00:22:54,629 --> 00:22:52,200
shuttle launch on mission st s 34

474
00:22:56,399 --> 00:22:54,639
atlantis was moved from the Vehicle

475
00:23:00,509 --> 00:22:56,409
Assembly Building at Kennedy Space

476
00:23:02,549 --> 00:23:00,519
Center to launch pad 39b the primary

477
00:23:05,430 --> 00:23:02,559
goal of the mission is the deployment of

478
00:23:07,649 --> 00:23:05,440
the Galileo probe to Jupiter the most

479
00:23:11,340 --> 00:23:07,659
sophisticated interplanetary spacecraft

480
00:23:14,039 --> 00:23:11,350
ever built Galileo was already on the

481
00:23:16,109 --> 00:23:14,049
launch pad waiting for Atlantis and has

482
00:23:19,919 --> 00:23:16,119
now been transferred into the orbiters

483
00:23:22,489 --> 00:23:19,929
cargo bay once deployed the spacecraft

484
00:23:25,919 --> 00:23:22,499
will take six years to reach Jupiter

485
00:23:28,649 --> 00:23:25,929
using gravity assist it will fly once

486
00:23:31,169 --> 00:23:28,659
past Venus and twice past earth before

487
00:23:35,580 --> 00:23:31,179
reaching the huge planet on december

488
00:23:38,369 --> 00:23:35,590
seven 1995 equipped with a variety of

489
00:23:40,739 --> 00:23:38,379
high-tech sensors Galileo will drop a

490
00:23:43,409 --> 00:23:40,749
probe into Jupiter's atmosphere before

491
00:23:46,649 --> 00:23:43,419
going into orbit for a 20 month tour of

492
00:23:47,850 --> 00:23:46,659
the planet in its larger moons because

493
00:23:51,090 --> 00:23:47,860
Jupiter is about

494
00:23:54,090 --> 00:23:51,100
480 million miles from the Sun huge

495
00:23:56,280 --> 00:23:54,100
solar panels measuring 2,000 square feet

496
00:23:58,470 --> 00:23:56,290
would be needed to provide enough

497
00:24:02,520 --> 00:23:58,480
electricity for Galileo's instruments

498
00:24:04,520 --> 00:24:02,530
and that is not feasible instead the

499
00:24:07,470 --> 00:24:04,530
spacecraft is equipped with a pair of

500
00:24:10,470 --> 00:24:07,480
radioisotope thermoelectric generators

501
00:24:14,280 --> 00:24:10,480
each loaded with about 24 pounds of

502
00:24:17,039 --> 00:24:14,290
plutonium the launch of Atlantis with

503
00:24:19,049 --> 00:24:17,049
the Galileo Jupiter probe marks the

504
00:24:23,610 --> 00:24:19,059
beginning of a new effort by NASA to

505
00:24:26,159 --> 00:24:23,620
explore the solar system and planets dr.

506
00:24:28,440 --> 00:24:26,169
Leonard Fisk associate administrator for

507
00:24:31,500 --> 00:24:28,450
Space Science and applications said

508
00:24:34,230 --> 00:24:31,510
recently this is now the second Golden

509
00:24:37,340 --> 00:24:34,240
Age of space science and if we have our

510
00:24:40,440 --> 00:24:37,350
way it's an age that's not going to end

511
00:24:43,260 --> 00:24:40,450
at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in

512
00:24:45,720 --> 00:24:43,270
Greenbelt Maryland a new program is

513
00:24:47,760 --> 00:24:45,730
being developed to use technology such

514
00:24:50,130 --> 00:24:47,770
as robotics to help in the on-orbit

515
00:24:53,280 --> 00:24:50,140
assembly of NASA's Space Station freedom

516
00:24:55,620 --> 00:24:53,290
here's the report it's indicated by this

517
00:24:57,600 --> 00:24:55,630
graphic simulation Goddard is

518
00:24:59,580 --> 00:24:57,610
methodically developing the engineering

519
00:25:02,970 --> 00:24:59,590
requirements for freedoms flight tal

520
00:25:04,770 --> 00:25:02,980
robotic servicer the fts this device

521
00:25:07,080 --> 00:25:04,780
will be capable of the precise

522
00:25:09,780 --> 00:25:07,090
manipulations needed in space for the

523
00:25:12,360 --> 00:25:09,790
assembly and servicing of freedom what

524
00:25:18,510 --> 00:25:12,370
some have likened to a giant erector set

525
00:25:20,940 --> 00:25:18,520
in the sky inside Goddard robotics

526
00:25:22,860 --> 00:25:20,950
facility an operator runs a simulated

527
00:25:26,100 --> 00:25:22,870
robot through its paces to demonstrate

528
00:25:30,810 --> 00:25:26,110
how the fts will do its job once in

529
00:25:35,810 --> 00:25:30,820
space but the real action is in the

530
00:25:44,760 --> 00:25:42,110
gantry robot and so called dextrous

531
00:25:47,610 --> 00:25:44,770
manipulators each has seven

532
00:25:50,070 --> 00:25:47,620
independently operated joints each can

533
00:25:52,860 --> 00:25:50,080
function much as a human arm under

534
00:25:55,740 --> 00:25:52,870
operator control this device is reaching

535
00:25:58,980 --> 00:25:55,750
up and behind a camera which it could

536
00:26:01,210 --> 00:25:58,990
reposition or refocus if needed in fact

537
00:26:06,909 --> 00:26:01,220
with an operator controlling this robe

538
00:26:08,799 --> 00:26:06,919
can even maintain itself for actual

539
00:26:11,200 --> 00:26:08,809
Space Station freedom assembly and

540
00:26:14,080 --> 00:26:11,210
operations the FDS will be attached to

541
00:26:16,000 --> 00:26:14,090
freedoms remote manipulator arm and be

542
00:26:18,220 --> 00:26:16,010
controlled by the space shuttle crew

543
00:26:21,039 --> 00:26:18,230
from the aft flight deck of the orbiter

544
00:26:23,740 --> 00:26:21,049
in the meantime backed by human thought

545
00:26:25,899 --> 00:26:23,750
and imagination the mechanical members

546
00:26:27,850 --> 00:26:25,909
so to speak of Goddard's robotics

547
00:26:31,659 --> 00:26:27,860
facility have been cast in leading roles

548
00:26:33,549 --> 00:26:31,669
for mankind's exploration of space this

549
00:26:36,330 --> 00:26:33,559
is Carter Tov reporting from Goddard

550
00:26:38,919 --> 00:26:36,340
Space Flight Center Greenbelt Maryland

551
00:26:41,740 --> 00:26:38,929
that's all we have for this edition of

552
00:26:43,600 --> 00:26:41,750
NASA report to education I'm Lynn

553
00:26:46,090 --> 00:26:43,610
Bondurant at the NASA Lewis Research